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Albert Cahalan wrote in a message to Mike Bilow: AC> It is possible to low-level format a modern drive in such AC> way that the drive can only be reformatted by the factory. AC> Most IDE drives do not have enough accuracy to do a correct AC> low-level format. When a low-level format is done, the drive AC> can not be fixed without equipment at the factory. Nearly all IDE drives made more recently than 1989 will accept and ignore low-level formatting commands. It was possible to destroy some of the very early IDE drives, notoriously the 40 MB Seagate ST-157A, by low-level formatting them, but this has not been possible for quite some time. Among other things, the cylinder-head-sector (CHS) geometry presented by all modern IDE drives is a complete fantasy cooked up by the controller, since the media actually has a variable number of sectors per track and low-level formatting is a meaningless operation. All IDE drives larger than 512 MB are incapable of maintaining the CHS illusion, and they use Logical Block Addressing (LBA) so that even the basic elements of track-by-track formatting are missing. AC> If the drive is large enough, you can move the heads in such AC> a way that the computer walks right off the table and AC> crashes to the floor. "Large enough" in this context is the size of a Volkswagen. -- Mike
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